Topics include:
Cell Biology/Genomics
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Genetic Counseling & Risk Assessment
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Molecular Biology
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Newborn Screening
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Laboratory Genetics and Genomics
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Neurogenetics
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Genetic Transmission
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Reproductive Genetics
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Biochemical Genetics
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Systems-Based Disorders
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Developmental Genetics
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Cancer Genetics
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Overall Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of this course, you should be able to:
- Identify common genetic disorders
- Discuss the clinical features of common genetic disorders
- Interpret genetic test data
- Explain how to communicate molecular test results to families
- Perform basic quantitative genetic calculations
- Solve basic quantitative genetic calculations related problems
- Describe principles of cytogenetics
- Identify features of common chromosomal disorders
- Recognize clinical features of selected metabolic disorders
- Describe the molecular basis of selected metabolic disorders
- Review how to provide counseling about selected metabolic disorders
- Discuss the extents and limits of prenatal tests
- Explain how to perform routine prenatal counseling
- Explain clinical and molecular aspects of inherited cancer syndromes
- Provide genetic counseling for common human cancers
- Incorporate genomics into clinical practice
Topic Learning Objectives
Exam Preparation Practice Exam & Tips – John A. Bernat, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Identify areas where further preparation is needed
- Prepare for on-going exam preparation and effectively, and optimize opportunities offered at the Genetics and Genomics Review Course
Cell Biology/Genomics – Fady M. Mikhail, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Provide a brief history of cytogenetics
- Review chromosome structure and composition of the human genome
- Paraphrase the mammalian cell cycle and appropriately describe the steps of meiosis and mitosis.
- Review the types of chromosomal abnormalities and clinical cytogenetic disorders including polyploidy and aneuploidy disorders
- Discuss X chromosome inactivation and the pseudoautosomal regions
Genomics - Basics – Robert Hufnagel, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Describe molecular testing methods
- Compare testing strategies based on spectrum of pathogenic variants
- Apply genetic/genomic concepts for diagnostic testing
Clinical Cytogenetics – Fady M. Mikhail, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Review the clinical indications for cytogenetic analysis
- Describe the methods of chromosome analysis and their applications to patient’s diagnosis
- Review the basics of the cytogenetic nomenclature
- Discuss copy number variants and their molecular mechanisms
- Define genomic disorders including recurrent microdeletion/microduplication syndromes
- Discuss genomic imprinting and its role in disease
- Provide an overview of cancer cytogenetics
Clinical Molecular Genetics - Pinar Bayrak-Toydemir, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Apply Bayesian calculation to carrier residual risk
- Review molecular test strategies and results for common disorders
- Interpret molecular results for triplet repeat diseases
Cancer Genetics I - Sharon E. Plon, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Recognize the major mutation types for oncogenes in tumor samples
- Define the pattern of cancer and recurrence risk for patients with RB1, P53 and APC pathogenic variants.
- Define the Knudson two-hit hypothesis as it applies to hereditary and sporadic cancers
Cancer Genetics II - Sharon E. Plon, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Distinguish the genetic mechanisms that result in the two major forms of hereditary colon cancer.
- Define the cancer risk and risk management recommendations for hereditary breast – ovarian cancer.
- Summarize the major classes of autosomal recessive disorders that result in an increased risk of childhood cancer.
Newborn Screening - Angela Grochowsky, MD, FACMG
- Review the approach used in Newborn Screening (NBS)
- Review clinical presentations, Dx & Rx of selected disorders in the TN NBS Panel
- Access ACMG ACT sheets & New England Emergency Protocols
- Use the ACMG ACT sheets & New England Emergency Protocols
Developmental Genetics - Anthony J. Wynshaw-Boris, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Analyze normal human embryology and development
- Select and appropriately use electronic references and texts to work up patients with dysmorphology.
- Distinguish and classify common birth defects, such as malformations, deformations, disruptions and syndromes, and counsel families about recurrence.
Genetic Counseling & Risk Assessment - TBA
- Interpret family and medical histories in combination with results of genetic testing
- Assess the chance of disease occurrence or recurrence.
- Provide counseling to promote informed choices and adaptation to the risk or condition
Biochemical Genetics I - Walla Al-Hertani, MD, FACMG
- Describe biochemical mechanisms of common classes of metabolic disorders
- List common principles of inborn errors of metabolism
- Describe treatment strategies for common metabolic disorders
Genetic Transmission - Bruce R. Korf, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Recognize patterns of Mendelian transmission
- Describe deviations from classical Mendelian transmission
- Perform basic population genetic calculations
- Describe models of multifactorial inheritance
- Use odds ratios in risk assessment based on GWAS data
- Explain how polygenic rick scores are derived
Reproductive Genetics I - Louise E. Wilkins-Haug, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Examine aneuploidy screening
- Compare serum screening to Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT, ffDNA, cfDNA,)
- Explain the caveats of cfDNA
- Assess the role of fetal ultrasound “soft markers” and structural anomalies
Neurogenetics - Bruce R. Korf, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Formulate genetic differential diagnosis for neurological problems
- Recognize indications for genetic testing for neurological disorders
- Describe natural history and management for selected neurogenetic disorders
Biochemical Genetics II - Walla Al-Hertani, MD, FACMG
- Explain the mechanisms of recombination, transitions, TRN expansions, DNA methylation silencing, gene fusions, imprinting, and provide examples of each
- Describe DNA and gene structure, function, replication, and expression
- Identify types of polymorphisms and pathogenic variants, with examples of each
Systems-Based Disorders I - Angela Grochowsky, MD, FACMG
- Describe the molecular basis of each of the genetic disorders reviewed.
- Interpret laboratory data on molecular tests for the most common genetic disorders.
- Describe multiple testing technologies and testing strategies designed to test for specific types of pathogenic variants, as well as the limitations of the test.
Exam Workshop - John A. Bernat, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Identify areas where further preparation is needed
- Direct post-course preparation to specific resources
- Optimize exam performance
Systems-Based Disorders II - Angela Grochowsky, MD, FACMG
- Summarize selected genetic pulmonary, immunology, hematology, endocrine, connective tissue, and renal disorders
- Select disorders that are important, have treatment options and/or a recent GeneReviews update
- Emphasize key clinical features; genetic, diagnostic & management information for each disorder
Reproductive Genetics II - Louise E. Wilkins-Haug, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Discuss the modalities for screening for aneuploidy.
- Compare prenatal diagnostic tests – pros and cons.
- Describe how to incorporate ultrasound findings into prenatal genetic risk assessment.
Clinical Genomics - Robert Hufnagel, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Classify variants following ACMG/AMP guidelines
- Identify resources to support gene-disease validity assessment
- Define approaches to analyze genomic data
Genomic Medicine - Bruce R. Korf, MD, PhD, FACMG
- Discuss the genetic principles and clinical presentation of the genetic conditions used as examples
- Recognize the importance of the emerging field of pharmacogenetics to healthcare and the personalized medicine movement
- List challenges to applying pharmacogenetics to patient care at the present time